Python Coding challenge - Day 962| What is the output of the following Python Code?

 

Code Explanation:

1. Base Class Definition

class Base:

Defines a class named Base.

2. Defining __init_subclass__

    def __init_subclass__(cls):

__init_subclass__ is a special class method.

It is automatically called whenever a subclass of Base is created.

cls refers to the newly created subclass (not the base class).

3. Setting a Class Attribute

        cls.tag = cls.__name__.lower()

Sets a class attribute tag on the subclass.

cls.__name__ → name of the subclass as a string.

.lower() → converts it to lowercase.

So when subclasses are created:

class A(Base) → cls.__name__ is "A" → cls.tag = "a"

class B(Base) → cls.__name__ is "B" → cls.tag = "b"

4. Creating Subclass A

class A(Base): pass

Creates subclass A of Base.

Automatically triggers Base.__init_subclass__(A).

Sets A.tag = "a".

5. Creating Subclass B

class B(Base): pass

Creates subclass B of Base.

Automatically triggers Base.__init_subclass__(B).

Sets B.tag = "b".

6. Printing the Tags

print(A.tag, B.tag)

Prints the class attributes assigned during subclass creation.

7. Final Output

a b

400 Days Python Coding Challenges with Explanation