Python Coding challenge - Day 971| What is the output of the following Python Code?

 

Code Explanation:

1. Defining the Base Class

class Base:

This defines a class named Base.

It will act as a parent (superclass) for other classes.

2. Class Variable count

    count = 0

count is a class variable, shared by Base and all its subclasses.

It keeps track of how many subclasses of Base have been created.

3. The __init_subclass__ Method

    def __init_subclass__(cls):

__init_subclass__ is a special hook method in Python.

It is automatically called every time a subclass of Base is created.

cls refers to the newly created subclass, not Base.

4. Incrementing the Subclass Counter

        Base.count += 1

Each time a subclass is defined:

Base.count is incremented by 1.

This counts how many subclasses inherit from Base.

5. Assigning an ID to the Subclass

        cls.id = Base.count

An attribute id is dynamically added to the subclass.

Each subclass gets a unique ID based on the order of creation.

6. Creating Class A

class A(Base): pass

A inherits from Base.

When this line runs:

__init_subclass__ is automatically triggered.

Base.count becomes 1

A.id is set to 1

7. Creating Class B

class B(Base): pass

B also inherits from Base.

Again, __init_subclass__ runs:

Base.count becomes 2

B.id is set to 2

8. Printing the Values

print(A.id, B.id, Base.count)

A.id → 1

B.id → 2

Base.count → 2

9. Final Output

1 2 2

300 Days Python Coding Challenges with Explanation