Code Explanation:
1. Class Definition
class Accumulator:
This line defines a class named Accumulator.
A class is like a blueprint for creating objects.
2. Constructor Method (__init__)
def __init__(self):
self.v = 1
__init__ is a constructor that runs automatically when an object is created.
self refers to the current object.
self.v = 1 initializes an instance variable v with value 1.
Every object of Accumulator will start with v = 1.
3. Callable Method (__call__)
def __call__(self, x):
__call__ makes the object callable like a function.
This means you can use the object with parentheses, e.g., a(2).
self.v += x
Adds the value of x to the current value of self.v.
This updates the stored value inside the object.
return self.v
Returns the updated value of v.
4. Object Creation
a = Accumulator()
Creates an object named a from the Accumulator class.
The constructor runs, so now:
a.v = 1
5. First Function Call
a(2)
Calls the __call__ method with x = 2.
Calculation:
v = 1 + 2 = 3
Returns 3.
6. Second Function Call
a(3)
Calls the same object again with x = 3.
Calculation:
Previous v = 3
v = 3 + 3 = 6
Returns 6.
7. Print Statement
print(a(2), a(3))
Prints the results of both calls.
Output:
3 6
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