Python Coding challenge - Day 963| What is the output of the following Python Code?

 

Code Explanation:

1. Defining a Custom Metaclass

class Meta(type):

Meta is a metaclass because it inherits from type.

A metaclass controls how classes are created.

2. Overriding the __new__ Method of the Metaclass

    def __new__(cls, name, bases, dct):

        dct["hello"] = lambda self: "hi"

        return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, dct)

__new__ runs when a class is being created.

Parameters:

cls → the metaclass (Meta)

name → name of the class being created ("A")

bases → base classes

dct → class attribute dictionary

What it does:

Adds a new method named hello into the class dictionary.

hello is a function that returns "hi".

So every class created with this metaclass will automatically get a hello() method.

3. Creating Class A Using the Metaclass

class A(metaclass=Meta): pass

Class A is created using metaclass Meta.

During creation:

Meta.__new__ is called.

hello is injected into the class.

Class A is created with method hello.

So now:

A.hello exists

4. Creating an Instance and Calling hello

print(A().hello())

A() creates an instance of A.

.hello() calls the injected method.

The lambda returns "hi".

5. Final Output

hi

Final Answer

✔ Output:

hi

900 Days Python Coding Challenges with Explanation