Code Explanation:
1️⃣ Creating the Class
class A:
This creates a class named A.
2️⃣ Defining the Class Attribute
x = 10
The class has an attribute x whose original value is:
x → 10
Normally, accessing:
a.x
would return 10.
However, the class later overrides how attribute access works.
3️⃣ Defining __getattribute__()
def __getattribute__(self, name):
__getattribute__() is a special method that is called whenever an attribute is accessed on an object.
For example:
a.x
automatically triggers something conceptually like:
a.__getattribute__("x")
Here:
self → object a
name → "x"
4️⃣ Checking the Attribute Name
if name == "x":
Python checks whether the requested attribute is "x".
Since the code accesses:
a.x
the condition becomes:
"x" == "x"
which is:
True
5️⃣ Returning 20
return 20
Because the condition is True, the method immediately returns:
20
The original class value:
x = 10
is therefore not returned for this access.
6️⃣ The super() Line
return super().__getattribute__(name)
This line handles all attributes other than x.
For example, if we had:
a.some_value
the custom method would delegate normal attribute lookup to the parent implementation.
In this particular program, this line is not executed, because name == "x" is already true.
7️⃣ Creating the Object
a = A()
An object a is created from class A.
At this point:
a → A object
8️⃣ Accessing a.x
print(a.x)
When Python evaluates:
a.x
it calls:
a.__getattribute__("x")
The flow is:
a.x
↓
__getattribute__("x")
↓
name == "x"
↓
True
↓
return 20
Therefore, print() receives 20.
🎯 Final Output
20
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