Code Explanation:
🔹 1. Importing the inspect Module
import inspect
Explanation
inspect is a built-in Python module.
It is used to examine objects such as functions, classes, methods, and their parameters.
Here, we will use it to inspect the calculate() function.
🔹 2. Defining the Function
def calculate(a, b=10, *args, **kwargs):
Explanation
A function named calculate is created with four parameters:
a
b
*args
**kwargs
Their meanings are:
a → normal required parameter
b=10 → parameter with a default value
*args → accepts additional positional arguments
**kwargs → accepts additional keyword arguments
So Python internally sees the parameter order as:
0 → a
1 → b
2 → args
3 → kwargs
🔹 3. Function Body
pass
Explanation
pass means do nothing.
The function doesn't need to perform any calculation for this example.
We are interested only in its parameter information.
🔹 4. Inspecting the Function Signature
sig = inspect.signature(calculate)
Explanation
inspect.signature() examines the function and returns its signature.
For this function, the signature is essentially:
(a, b=10, *args, **kwargs)
The result is stored in:
sig
🔹 5. Accessing the Parameters
sig.parameters
Explanation
sig.parameters contains the function's parameters in their original order.
Conceptually:
{
'a': ...,
'b': ...,
'args': ...,
'kwargs': ...
}
It behaves like an ordered mapping.
🔹 6. Converting Parameters to a List
list(sig.parameters)
Explanation
When we convert it to a list, we get the parameter names:
['a', 'b', 'args', 'kwargs']
Notice that we get the names, not their values.
🔹 7. Accessing Index 1
list(sig.parameters)[1]
Explanation
Python uses zero-based indexing.
So:
Index 0 → a
Index 1 → b
Index 2 → args
Index 3 → kwargs
Therefore:
list(sig.parameters)[1]
returns:
b
🔹 8. Printing the Result
print(list(sig.parameters)[1])
Explanation
The second parameter name is printed.
✅ Output
b
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