Python Coding challenge - Day 1033| What is the output of the following Python Code?

 

Code Explanation:

1. Class Definition

class Demo:

    items = []

This defines a class named Demo.

items is a class variable, not an instance variable.

Class variables are shared by all objects (instances) of the class.

So there is only one items list in memory for the entire class.

2. Creating First Object

d1 = Demo()

This creates an object d1 of class Demo.

d1 does not get its own items list.

Instead, d1.items refers to the same class-level list Demo.items.

3. Creating Second Object

d2 = Demo()

This creates another object d2.

Just like d1, d2.items also refers to the same shared list Demo.items.

4. Modifying the List Using d1

d1.items.append(1)

This appends 1 to the shared items list.

Since the list is shared, the change affects all instances of the class.

Internally, the list now becomes:

items = [1]

5. Printing Using d2

print(d2.items)

d2.items points to the same list that was modified using d1.

Therefore, it prints:

[1]

6. Final Output

[1]

900 Days Python Coding Challenges with Explanation