Code Explanation:
1. 🏗️ Define the Class
class A:
This creates a class named A.
The class contains two special methods:
- __new__() → creates the object
- __init__() → initializes the already-created object
2. 🆕 __new__() Starts Object Creation
def __new__(cls):
__new__() is called first when we create:
a = A()
The cls parameter refers to the class A.
So internally:
cls → A
3. 🏭 Create the Object
obj = super().__new__(cls)
This calls the parent implementation of __new__().
For a normal Python class, this eventually creates a new instance of A.
So now:
obj → newly created A object
4. 📌 Set x Inside __new__()
obj.x = 2
The newly created object gets an attribute:
obj.x = 2
At this point:
x = 2
5. 🔙 Return the Object
return obj
__new__() returns the newly created object.
Because the returned object is an instance of A, Python now calls __init__() on that same object.
6. 🔧 __init__() Runs
def __init__(self):
Now initialization begins.
Here self refers to the exact object returned by __new__().
So:
self → obj
and currently:
self.x = 2
7. ✖️ Multiply x
self.x *= 3
This is equivalent to:
self.x = self.x * 3
Therefore:
2 × 3 = 6
Now:
self.x = 6
8. 🆕 Create the Object
a = A()
The execution order is:
A()
↓
__new__()
↓
object created
↓
x = 2
↓
__new__ returns object
↓
__init__()
↓
x = 2 × 3
↓
x = 6
9. 🖨️ Print the Value
print(a.x)
At this point:
a.x = 6
Therefore:
✅ Final Output
6
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