Code Explanation:
1. Class Definition
class Data:
Explanation:
A class named Data is created.
It will contain a method that works with a list.
2. Method Definition with Default Argument
def add(self, x, lst=[]):
Explanation:
add() is an instance method.
Parameters:
self → current object
x → value to be added
lst=[] → default list argument
Important:
Default arguments are created only once, not every time the method is called.
3. Appending Value to the List
lst.append(x)
Explanation:
Adds value x to the list lst.
Since lst is a default list, the same list is reused across method calls.
4. Returning the List
return lst
Explanation:
Returns the list after adding the value.
5. Object Creation
d = Data()
Explanation:
An object d of class Data is created.
No new list is created at this point.
6. First Method Call
d.add(1)
What happens internally:
x = 1
lst → default list (initially [])
After append → lst = [1]
Returns [1]
7. Second Method Call
d.add(2)
What happens internally:
x = 2
lst → same default list (already [1])
After append → lst = [1, 2]
Returns [1, 2]
8. Print Statement
print(d.add(1), d.add(2))
Explanation:
First call prints [1, 2] (after both appends)
Second call prints the same list
FINAL OUTPUT
[1, 2] [1, 2]
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