Lambda Functions in Python

 

Example 1: Basic Syntax

# Regular function

def add(x, y):

    return x + y

​

# Equivalent lambda function

lambda_add = lambda x, y: x + y

​

# Using both functions

result_regular = add(3, 5)

result_lambda = lambda_add(3, 5)

​

print("Result (Regular Function):", result_regular)

print("Result (Lambda Function):", result_lambda)

​

#clcoding.com

Result (Regular Function): 8

Result (Lambda Function): 8

Example 2: Sorting with Lambda

# List of tuples

students = [("Alice", 25), ("Bob", 30), ("Charlie", 22)]

​

# Sort by age using a lambda function

sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda student: student[1])

​

print("Sorted Students by Age:", sorted_students)

​

#clcoding.com

Sorted Students by Age: [('Charlie', 22), ('Alice', 25), ('Bob', 30)]

Example 3: Filtering with Lambda

# List of numbers

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

​

# Filter even numbers using a lambda function

even_numbers = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))

​

print("Even Numbers:", even_numbers)

​

#clcoding.com

Even Numbers: [2, 4, 6, 8]

Example 4: Mapping with Lambda

# List of numbers

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

​

# Square each number using a lambda function

squared_numbers = list(map(lambda x: x**2, numbers))

​

print("Squared Numbers:", squared_numbers)

​

#clcoding.com

Squared Numbers: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

Example 5: Using Lambda with max function

# List of numbers

numbers = [10, 5, 8, 20, 15]

​

# Find the maximum number using a lambda function

max_number = max(numbers, key=lambda x: -x)  # Use negation for finding the minimum

​

print("Maximum Number:", max_number)

​

#clcoding.com

Maximum Number: 5

Example 6: Using Lambda with sorted and Multiple Criteria

# List of dictionaries representing people with names and ages

people = [{"name": "Alice", "age": 25}, {"name": "Bob", "age": 30}, {"name": "Charlie", "age": 22}]

​

# Sort by age and then by name using a lambda function

sorted_people = sorted(people, key=lambda person: (person["age"], person["name"]))

​

print("Sorted People:", sorted_people)

​

#clcoding.com

Sorted People: [{'name': 'Charlie', 'age': 22}, {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}, {'name': 'Bob', 'age': 30}]

Example 7: Using Lambda with reduce from functools

from functools import reduce

​

# List of numbers

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

​

# Calculate the product of all numbers using a lambda function and reduce

product = reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, numbers)

​

print("Product of Numbers:", product)

​

#clcoding.com

Product of Numbers: 120

Example 8: Using Lambda with Conditional Expressions

# List of numbers

numbers = [10, 5, 8, 20, 15]

​

# Use a lambda function with a conditional expression to filter and square even numbers

filtered_and_squared = list(map(lambda x: x**2 if x % 2 == 0 else x, numbers))

​

print("Filtered and Squared Numbers:", filtered_and_squared)

​

#clcoding.com

Filtered and Squared Numbers: [100, 5, 64, 400, 15]

Example 9: Using Lambda with key in max and min to Find Extremes

# List of tuples representing products with names and prices

products = [("Laptop", 1200), ("Phone", 800), ("Tablet", 500), ("Smartwatch", 200)]

​

# Find the most and least expensive products using lambda functions

most_expensive = max(products, key=lambda item: item[1])

least_expensive = min(products, key=lambda item: item[1])

​

print("Most Expensive Product:", most_expensive)

print("Least Expensive Product:", least_expensive)

​

#clcoding.com

Most Expensive Product: ('Laptop', 1200)

Least Expensive Product: ('Smartwatch', 200)