Python Coding challenge - Day 199 | What is the output of the following Python Code?

 

Code:

class Incrementer(int):

    def __add__(self, other):

        return super().__add__(other + 1)

i = Incrementer(5)

result = i + 3

print(result)  

Solution and Explanation:

 let's break it down step by step:

Class Definition:

class Incrementer(int):

    def __add__(self, other):

        return super().__add__(other + 1)

Incrementer(int): This line defines a class named Incrementer that inherits from the int class. This means that instances of Incrementer will behave like integers but with additional functionality.

def __add__(self, other): This method overrides the addition behavior (__add__) of instances of the Incrementer class. Whenever the + operator is used with instances of Incrementer, this method is invoked.

return super().__add__(other + 1): Inside the __add__ method, it adds 1 to the other operand and then calls the __add__ method of the superclass (which is int in this case) using super(). It passes the modified other operand to the superclass method. Essentially, it performs addition of the Incrementer instance with the modified value of other.

Object Instantiation:

i = Incrementer(5)

This line creates an instance of the Incrementer class with the value 5. Since Incrementer inherits from int, it behaves like an integer but with the overridden __add__ method.

Addition Operation:

result = i + 3

This line performs an addition operation using the + operator. Since i is an instance of Incrementer, the overridden __add__ method is invoked. The value 3 is passed as other. Inside the overridden __add__ method, 1 is added to other, making it 4. Then, the superclass method (int.__add__) is called with the modified other value. In essence, it adds i to 4, resulting in the final value.

Print Result:

print(result)

This line prints the value of result, which is the result of the addition operation performed in the previous step.

So, the output of this code will be 9, which is the result of adding 5 (the value of i) to 3 + 1.