Code Explanation:
🔹 1. Creating an Empty Dictionary
namespace = {}
✅ Explanation
An empty dictionary named namespace is created.
This dictionary will act as a custom memory space for the exec() function.
Instead of creating variables in the current program, exec() will store them inside this dictionary.
Current Memory
namespace
↓
{}
Think of it as creating an empty room where Python can store variables.
🔹 2. Calling exec()
exec(
"x = 100\ny = 50",
namespace
)
✅ Explanation
exec() executes Python code that is stored as a string.
Syntax:
exec(source_code, globals_dictionary)
Here,
Source Code →
"x = 100\ny = 50"
Global Namespace →
namespace
Python does not create variables in the current program.
Instead, it stores them inside the namespace dictionary.
🔹 3. Understanding the Code String
"x = 100\ny = 50"
✅ Explanation
This string contains two Python statements.
The special character:
\n
means new line.
So Python actually sees:
x = 100
y = 50
Execution order:
Line 1
x = 100
↓
Line 2
y = 50
🔹 4. Executing the First Statement
x = 100
✅ Explanation
Normally, Python would create:
x
↓
100
But because a custom namespace is supplied, Python stores it as:
namespace
↓
{
"x":100
}
Current dictionary:
{
"x":100
}
🔹 5. Executing the Second Statement
y = 50
✅ Explanation
Python now creates another variable inside the same dictionary.
Current dictionary becomes:
{
"x":100,
"y":50
}
Notice that both variables are stored inside namespace, not as normal global variables.
🔹 6. Final State of the Namespace
After exec() finishes, the dictionary contains the created variables.
Current memory:
namespace
↓
{
"x":100,
"y":50
}
(Python also automatically adds a special key named __builtins__ internally, but it is omitted here for simplicity.)
🔹 7. Accessing "x"
print(namespace["x"])
✅ Explanation
Python searches for the key:
"x"
inside the dictionary.
Current dictionary:
{
"x":100,
"y":50
}
Value found:
100
Python prints:
100
🔹 8. Accessing "y"
print(namespace["y"])
✅ Explanation
Python searches for:
"y"
Current dictionary:
{
"x":100,
"y":50
}
Value found:
50
Python prints:
50
🎯 Final Output
100
50
.png)
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