Code Explanation:
🔹 1. Importing partial
from functools import partial
✅ Explanation
partial is imported from Python's built-in functools module.
It creates a new function by fixing (pre-filling) one or more arguments of an existing function.
The returned function requires only the remaining arguments.
Think of it as creating a shortcut version of a function.
functools Module
│
▼
partial()
│
▼
Creates a New Function
Nothing executes yet.
🔹 2. Defining the Function
def add(a, b):
return a + b
✅ Explanation
A function named add is created.
It accepts two parameters:
a
b
and returns their sum.
Current Memory
Function
add(a, b)
↓
return a + b
Nothing runs yet because the function is only defined.
🔹 3. Creating a Partial Function
inc = partial(add, 10)
✅ Explanation
partial(add, 10) creates a new function.
The first argument (a) is permanently fixed to 10.
Internally it behaves almost like this:
def inc(b):
return add(10, b)
Current Memory
add(a, b)
↓
Fix a = 10
↓
inc(b)
Visual Representation
add(a,b)
│
▼
partial(add,10)
│
▼
inc(b)
🔹 4. Calling the Partial Function
inc(5)
✅ Explanation
Python supplies the missing argument.
Already fixed:
a = 10
New argument:
b = 5
Actual function call becomes
add(10, 5)
Current Memory
a = 10
b = 5
🔹 5. Executing add()
add(10, 5)
✅ Explanation
Inside the function:
return 10 + 5
Result
15
🔹 6. Printing the Result
print(inc(5))
✅ Explanation
Python prints the returned value.
Output
15
🎯 Final Output
15
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