Saturday, 13 July 2024

5 Practical Examples to Master Python Decorators

 

5. Decorator for Timing
A decorator to measure the execution time of a function.

import time

def timer(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        start_time = time.time()
        result = func(*args, **kwargs)
        end_time = time.time()
        print(f"{func.__name__} executed in {end_time - start_time} seconds")
        return result
    return wrapper

@timer
def slow_function():
    time.sleep(2)
    return "Finished"

print(slow_function())

#clcoding.com
slow_function executed in 2.001049518585205 seconds
Finished
4. Decorator for Caching
A decorator to cache the results of expensive function calls.

def cache(func):
    cached_results = {}
    def wrapper(*args):
        if args in cached_results:
            return cached_results[args]
        result = func(*args)
        cached_results[args] = result
        return result
    return wrapper

@cache
def slow_function(x):
    print(f"Computing {x}...")
    return x * x

print(slow_function(4))
print(slow_function(4))
print(slow_function(5))

#clcoding.com
Computing 4...
16
16
Computing 5...
25
3. Decorator for Logging
A decorator to log function calls and their arguments.

def logger(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print(f"Function {func.__name__} called with args: {args} and kwargs: {kwargs}")
        result = func(*args, **kwargs)
        print(f"Function {func.__name__} returned {result}")
        return result
    return wrapper

@logger
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

add(3, 5)

#clcoding.com
Function add called with args: (3, 5) and kwargs: {}
Function add returned 8
8
2. Decorator with Arguments
A decorator that accepts arguments to customize its behavior.

def repeat(n):
    def decorator(func):
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            for _ in range(n):
                func(*args, **kwargs)
        return wrapper
    return decorator

@repeat(3)
def greet(name):
    print(f"Hello, {name}!")
greet("Clcoding")

#clcoding.com
Hello, Clcoding!
Hello, Clcoding!
Hello, Clcoding!
1. Basic Decorator
A simple example to understand the basic structure and functionality of decorators.

def simple_decorator(func):
    def wrapper():
        print("Before the function runs")
        func()
        print("After the function runs")
    return wrapper

@simple_decorator
def say_hello():
    print("Hello!")

say_hello()

#clcoding.com
Before the function runs
Hello!
After the function runs

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